Great Uzbek scientists and statesmen

Musa al-Khorezmi (783-840) was a great Uzbek mathematician, astronomer, geographer and historian. The founder of algebra.

Al-Khorezmi is the author of 9 books, 7 of which have survived to this day. The work on arithmetic played an important role in the history of mathematics, the only manuscript of which in Latin is kept in Cambridge, Great Britain.

In Latin transcription, al-Khorezmi's name sounded like "Algorithmi" or "Algorithmus". Due to the fact that his essay on arithmetic was very popular in Europe, the name of the Uzbek scientist-encyclopedist became a household name. Thanks to this, the terms "algorithm" and "algebra" appeared in mathematics.

Mirzo Ulugbek (1394-1449) was a great Uzbek astronomer, mathematician, prophet, poet, historian, statesman, grandson of the famous commander Amir Temur. He built a madrasah in Samarkand, which became the first building in the architectural ensemble of the majestic Registan Square.

Under Mirzo Ulugbek, the city of Samarkand became one of the world centers of medieval science. Thanks to his extensive knowledge, Mirzo Ulugbek created the most equipped astronomical center at that time, now known as the Ulugbek Observatory.

His work "Ulugbek's Star Tables" is an outstanding contribution to the treasury of world astronomical science. In 1437, Mirzo Ulugbek determined the length of the astronomical year: 365 days, 6 hours, 10 minutes, 8 seconds. As it turned out later, the error of his measurements was only 58 seconds.

Abu Rayhan al-Biruni (973-1048) was a great Uzbek scholar, encyclopedist, thinker. Author of numerous works on history, geography, philology, astronomy, mathematics, mechanics, geodesy, mineralogy, pharmacology, geology.

Al-Biruni's scientific heritage consists of about 150 works on mathematics, astronomy, geography, mineralogy, history, ethnography, philology, philosophy. His main work is The Canon of Masud, dedicated to the general description of the world picture. The scientist considered the Sun a fireball, unlike the Moon and planets that reflect sunlight.

Al-Biruni created one of the first globes with a diameter of about five meters. Based on astronomical observations, I calculated the circumference of the Earth. The result differs from the modern one by only tens of kilometers. The great scientist, hundreds of years before N. Copernicus (1473-1543), believed that the Earth revolves around the Sun, and not vice versa.

Abu Ali Ibn Sina (980-1037) was a great Uzbek scholar, encyclopedist, poet, statesman. The most famous and influential philosopher-scientist of the medieval Islamic world. In the West, it is known as Avicenna.

Ibn Sina made a huge contribution to the development of such sciences as psychology, geology, mathematics, chemistry, astronomy, logic. The great scientist wrote about 450 works, 240 of which have survived to the present day.

Ibn Sina's main work is considered to be the "Canon of Medical Science", which was translated into Latin in the XII century and used for several subsequent centuries. The scientist identified viruses as invisible pathogens of infectious diseases, which was proved only 8 centuries later by L. Pasteur (1822-1895).

Zahiriddin Muhammad Babur (1483-1530) was a great Uzbek poet, thinker, historian, statesman. The founder of the Baburid dynasty, the great-grandson of the famous commander Amir Temur.

Babur is the author of many scientific works and lyrical works written in more than 10 genres of oriental lyrics. The most famous work – "Baburname" about the history of the great Timurids, is an important and unique monument of world literature and source studies. This work, written in the Old Uzbek language, has been translated into more than 25 languages.

Babur and his descendants left behind majestic mausoleums, palaces, fortresses and cities, trade, science, culture and architecture flourished here under their patronage. The Taj Mahal, erected by Shah Jahan, a descendant of Babur, is considered one of the New Seven Wonders of the World and is included in the List of UNESCO World Heritage Sites.